尹克升秘书曹随义亲历胡耀邦三赴柴达木，提拔赵乐际的贵人
编者注：这篇文章的作者应该是尹克升的秘书曹随义所写。尹克升原是青海石油管理局局长，1985年至1997年2月担任青海省委书记，时间长达12年。期间，赵乐际1984年12月，担任商业厅下属的青海省五金交电化工公司任党委书记，后又兼任经理职务。1986年4月，再次返回商业厅任副厅长、财贸工会主席。1991年2月，晋升省商业厅厅长。1993年2月，赵乐际任青海省省长助理、省财政厅厅长，负责协助时任省长田成平。1994年7月，赵乐际任青海省人民政府副省长。也就是说在尹克升担任青海省委书记期间，赵乐际从商业厅副厅长，厅长，副省长一步一步晋升上去的。
来源： 政协文史和法制委员会
发布时间： 2015-08-11 16:35:50
编辑： 雒婷（实习）
地处青藏高原腹地的柴达木盆地素有中国“聚宝盆”的美誉，是中国陆地油气勘探的重要地区。1954年，我国第一批石油地质勘探队“一卷行李一口锅，牵着骆驼走沙漠”，走进荒无人烟的柴达木，拉开了油气勘探的帷幕。
1965年我从北京地质学院毕业后，响应党的号召，满怀激情地来到大柴旦的石油管理局勘探处。由基层到机关，我先后担任青海石油管理局办公室主任、青海省委办公厅副主任、省委副秘书长、省委办公厅主任、省委秘书长等职。在长期从事秘书工作的日子里，我有幸三次具体参与、组织了胡耀邦同志到柴达木油田视察的接待工作，胡耀邦同志高瞻远瞩的战略家风采、朴素扎实的工作作风、平易近人的崇高品德给我留下了终生难忘的记忆。
胡耀邦第一次去青海，青海石油管理局局长尹克升汇报
1980年5月，时任中央书记处书记的胡耀邦从拉萨来到了高原小城格尔木，青海省委通知石油管理局党委，要求派一名局领导向耀邦同志汇报工作。时任甘青藏石油会战指挥部副总指挥、青海石油管理局局长的尹克升带领时任局办公室主任的我前往。
在耀邦同志这次来青海前不久，新华社记者谢建琼写了一篇内参，反映了柴达木石油勘探的现状和前景，当时的党中央副主席李先念在这篇内参上作了重要批示，使柴达木石油勘探开采工作引起了上上下下的强烈关注。5月31日那天，在格尔木县委会议室，当省委书记梁步庭介绍过尹克升同志后，耀邦同志明确说：“中央很关心这里的石油勘探情况，这也是我们这次想重点了解的问题之一。柴达木石油前景究竟怎么样？”尹克升同志坚定地回答：“柴达木石油有希望！关键是加强勘探。我们最近发现了一些高产油井，用12毫米的油嘴控制生产，可日产300多吨，有的能达到600多吨。”耀邦同志听后，连声说好，接着又问油田有多少人，有没有水平很高的工程师，使用的什么钻机，道路怎么样，住房怎么样，有没有菜吃等许多具体情况。当尹克升同志汇报到有三个美国地质队同我们进行合作勘探时，耀邦同志说：“要同他们交朋友，技术上的朋友，经济上的朋友，不要把他们当成敌人，当成帝国主义分子，地质资料要给他们看。”耀邦同志最后说：“有什么困难，需要我们解决什么问题，可以直接给中央书记处写报告。”
在耀邦同志谈话精神指引下，石油工业部和青海省委省政府进一步加大了对甘青藏石油会战和青海油田的关心和支持。技术性能先进的大型钻机、地球物理勘探仪器、精良的成套筑路装备和快捷的运输车辆等陆续进入油田并投入使用，有力推动了柴达木石油勘探的快速发展。
(二)
1983年7月，已经担任了中共中央总书记的胡耀邦同志第二次到青海。在结束了西宁地区、海南州、龙羊峡水电站等地区和单位的考察后，耀邦同志于7月27日来到了大柴旦。
大柴旦是位于柴达木盆地北部的一个小镇。镇的南面是终年积雪的达肯达坂山，北面是富含硼砂等多种矿物质的伊克柴达木湖。小镇距管理局机关所在地——冷湖270多公里，青海石油管理局勘探处就座落在这个小镇，担负着用地球物理的方法勘探石油的重任。
在大柴旦镇会议室，当耀邦同志得知当地还有一个青海油田的二级单位——勘探处时，马上让镇上的同志通知勘探处，叫处里的领导同志来。当时处里其他领导都在冷湖开会，只剩在家主持工作的副处长龚德明。龚德明接到通知气喘吁吁地赶去，见到耀邦同志，激动得不知说什么好。耀邦同志望着龚德明黑红的面孔，握住他的手，关切地说：“石油勘探很辛苦，向同志们问好！”接着又向龚德明询问勘探队伍有多少人，生活怎么样，工区在哪里以及与美国地质队合作的情况。耀邦同志接见龚德明的消息迅速传遍了整个石油管理局，使全体职工备受鼓舞。
(三)
1986年8月，耀邦同志第三次到青海，从南到北，从东到西，整整考察了12天。期间，就有5天先后6次讲石油、考察石油。
第一次是8月19日，耀邦同志到西宁的当天，召开了青海省重点工程建设座谈会。会上，时任石油工业部副部长的周永康汇报了青海油田勘探开发的情况，重点汇报了油田的三项工程(即150万吨原油生产能力建设、花土沟到格尔木429公里输油管道、格尔木100万吨炼油厂)。耀邦同志问：“是否已经列入计划？”周永康同志答：“石油部党组已向国家计委打了报告。”耀邦同志又再次认真询问了柴达木石油发展前景如何。
第二次是8月25日上午，在西宁胜利公园招待所耀邦同志的住处，专门听取青海石油管理局的汇报。当局党委书记张德国、总地质师顾树松等5位同志来到耀邦同志住处时，耀邦同志已站在门口，并热情地和大家一一握手。张德国首先汇报说：“总书记为石油战线题词‘一部艰难创业史，百万覆地翻天人’，为柴达木油田题词‘立下愚公志，开发柴达木’，是对青海石油职工的极大鼓励。广大职工正以争做覆地翻天人的精神，为开创新局面而努力奋战着。”耀邦同志说：“向大家问好！”接着，张德国同志就柴达木石油勘探情况、三项工程、对外开放三方面工作作了汇报。汇报中，耀邦同志不时插话询问。对重点汇报的三项工程建设规划，耀邦同志风趣地说：“你们给国家计委的报告里，要加进去我的话，把‘我赞成’改为‘我支持’。”大家热烈鼓掌。汇报结束后，时任青海省委书记的尹克升同志说：“油田的同志走了一千多公里来向您汇报，照个相吧！”“好!”耀邦同志笑着回答并起身与大家合影。
第三次是8月27日下午，青海省委召开全省厅局以上干部会议，请耀邦同志作指示。耀邦同志在讲到青海的资源开发时说：“要瞄准青海特有的优势，有计划地搞些骨干工程，这是我支持的。有什么优势呢？第一有油，第二有天然气，第三有盐，第四是水电资源，还有有色金属。要引进一些外资，上一些骨干工程。第一步先搞油，第二步搞天然气。”耀邦同志非常有远见地把石油和天然气开发列在了青海资源开发的首位。
第四次是8月29日下午，在格尔木青海钾肥厂招待所，耀邦同志和周永康同志谈石油工作时强调了三点：“第一，要警惕某些居心叵测的人搞阴谋，不要受个别外国公司舆论的左右，埋头干我们自己的事情；第二，‘七五’计划搞到一亿五、一亿六千万吨石油，‘八五’搞到两个亿，我们的日子就好过了；第三，要下决心上气，这个见效快，天然气要搞深加工。”
第五次是8月29日下午，视察格尔木市区。视察过程中，耀邦同志一直坐在车上。在市内绕行20多分钟后，汽车沿着沙石路朝格尔木的东南方向驶去，沿途是茫茫戈壁。车行不久，见到迎候的张德国等同志，汽车停了下来，耀邦同志随即下了车。张德国、顾树松展开一张蓝图，向前指着那一大片戈壁汇报说：“这里是炼厂生产区，那里是1500名炼厂职工生活区。等4年后我们把炼厂建起来，再请总书记来视察。”耀邦同志凝神眺望着一望无际的戈壁，点头微笑。
第六次是8月30日，在耀邦同志离开格尔木之前的座谈会上，耀邦同志说：“张德国同志，你是搞三项工程的。‘七五’期间能完成吗？”张德国回答：“我们一定完成！”耀邦同志讲：“三项工程能够完成，我赞成，我支持。你们叫我题词，我想，就题‘一定要开发柴达木油田’吧。”
1986年8月30日上午11时，在格尔木机场，耀邦同志结束青海的考察即将返回北京。前来送别的尹克升同志对耀邦同志说：“请耀邦同志保重，欢迎您再来青海。”耀邦同志说：“事不过三，青海我已经来了三次，恐怕以后不会再来了。”说完，他健步登上飞机。在机舱口，他转过身，面带笑容，有力地挥动着手臂，向欢送的人群告别。
真没想到，三年后，其实不到三年，1989年4月15日，耀邦同志因心脏病突发在北京逝世。此次青海之行，竟真的成了耀邦同志最后一次到青海。每当重温耀邦同志对中国石油、对青海石油发展的关注和指导，都让我感动和鼓舞，由此带来无尽的惆怅和思念。
(作者系青海省委原秘书长)
英文翻译
Yin Kesheng’s secretary Cao Suiyi personally witnessed Hu Yaobang’s three trips to Qaidam to promote Zhao Leji’s nobles
Editor’s note: The author of this article should be Yin Kesheng’s secretary Cao Suiyi. Yin Kesheng was originally the director of the Qinghai Petroleum Administration Bureau and served as the secretary of the Qinghai Provincial Party Committee from 1985 to February 1997, a period of 12 years. During this period, in December 1984, Zhao Leji served as party committee secretary of Qinghai Wujinjiaodian Chemical Company, a subsidiary of the Department of Commerce, and later also served as manager. In April 1986, he returned to the Department of Commerce as deputy director and chairman of the Finance and Trade Union. In February 1991, he was promoted to director of the Provincial Department of Commerce. In February 1993, Zhao Leji served as assistant to the governor of Qinghai Province and director of the Provincial Department of Finance, responsible for assisting the then governor Tian Chengping. In July 1994, Zhao Leji was appointed deputy governor of the Qinghai Provincial People’s Government. In other words, when Yin Kesheng was the secretary of the Qinghai Provincial Party Committee, Zhao Leji was promoted step by step from deputy director of the Department of Commerce, director, and deputy governor.
Source: CPPCC Culture, History and Legal Affairs Committee
Release time: 2015-08-11 16:35:50
Editor: Luo Ting (Internship)
The Qaidam Basin, located in the hinterland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is known as China’s “treasure basin” and is an important area for China’s onshore oil and gas exploration. In 1954, my country’s first petroleum geological exploration team walked into the deserted Qaidam with “a roll of luggage and a pot, leading a camel through the desert” and kicked off oil and gas exploration.
After I graduated from the Beijing Institute of Geology in 1965, I responded to the party’s call and came to the Exploration Department of the Petroleum Administration Bureau in Dachaidan with passion. From the grassroots to the government, I successively served as the Office Director of the Qinghai Petroleum Administration Bureau, Deputy Director of the General Office of the Qinghai Provincial Party Committee, Deputy Secretary-General of the Provincial Party Committee, Director of the General Office of the Provincial Party Committee, and Secretary-General of the Provincial Party Committee. During my long-term work as a secretary, I had the honor to specifically participate in and organize the reception of Comrade Hu Yaobang’s inspections at Qaidam Oilfield three times. Comrade Hu Yaobang’s far-sighted strategist style, simple and down-to-earth work style, and approachable noble character left a lasting impression on me. Made a memory that will last a lifetime.
Hu Yaobang went to Qinghai for the first time, and Yin Kesheng, director of Qinghai Petroleum Administration Bureau, reported
In May 1980, Hu Yaobang, then secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee, came to Golmud, a small plateau city, from Lhasa. The Qinghai Provincial Party Committee notified the Party Committee of the Petroleum Administration Bureau and requested that a bureau leader be sent to report to Comrade Yaobang. Yin Kesheng, then deputy commander-in-chief of the Gansu-Qinghai-Tibet Petroleum Campaign Command and director of the Qinghai Petroleum Administration Bureau, led me, then director of the bureau’s office, there.
Not long before Comrade Yaobang came to Qinghai this time, Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Jianqiong wrote an internal reference, reflecting the current situation and prospects of Qaidam oil exploration. Li Xiannian, then vice chairman of the Party Central Committee, gave important instructions on this internal reference, making it Qaidam oil exploration and production work has attracted strong attention from top to bottom. On May 31, in the Golmud County Party Committee meeting room, when Provincial Party Committee Secretary Liang Buting introduced Comrade Yin Kesheng, Comrade Yaobang said clearly: “The central government is very concerned about the oil exploration situation here, and this is also one of the issues we want to focus on this time. “What is the prospect of Qaidam Oil?” Comrade Yin Kesheng replied firmly: “There is hope for Qaidam Oil! The key is to strengthen exploration and control production with 12 mm oil nozzles, which can produce more than 300 tons per day.” tons, some can reach more than 600 tons.” After hearing this, Comrade Yaobang said yes repeatedly, and then asked how many people there were in the oil field, whether there were any highly qualified engineers, what kind of drilling rigs were used, how were the roads, and how were the housing? There are many specific situations such as no food to eat. When Comrade Yin Kesheng reported that three U.S. geological teams were cooperating with us in exploration, Comrade Yaobang said: “We must make friends with them, technical friends, and economic friends. Don’t treat them as enemies or imperialists. Geologists The information must be shown to them.” Comrade Yaobang finally said: “If there are any difficulties or problems that we need to solve, we can directly write a report to the Secretariat of the Central Committee.”
Guided by the spirit of Comrade Yaobang’s speech, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry and the Qinghai Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government further increased their care and support for the Gansu-Qinghai-Tibet Oil Campaign and the Qinghai Oilfield. Large-scale drilling rigs with advanced technical performance, geophysical exploration instruments, sophisticated complete sets of road construction equipment and fast transportation vehicles have successively entered the oil field and been put into use, which has strongly promoted the rapid development of Qaidam oil exploration.
(two)
In July 1983, Comrade Hu Yaobang, who had already served as General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, visited Qinghai for the second time. After completing inspections of Xining area, Hainan Prefecture, Longyangxia Hydropower Station and other regions and units, Comrade Yaobang came to Dachaidan on July 27.
Daqaidan is a small town located in the northern part of Qaidam Basin. To the south of the town is the Dakandaban Mountain, which is covered with snow all year round, and to the north is Ike Qaidam Lake, which is rich in borax and other minerals. The town is more than 270 kilometers away from Lenghu, the seat of the administration. The exploration office of Qinghai Petroleum Administration is located in this town, responsible for the important task of exploring oil using geophysical methods.
In the conference room of Dachaidan Town, when Comrade Yaobang learned that there was a secondary unit of Qinghai Oilfield in the local area – the Exploration Department, he immediately asked the comrades in the town to notify the Exploration Department and call the leading comrades from the Department. At that time, all the other leaders of the department were meeting in Lenghu, except for Deputy Director Gong Deming, who was in charge of the work at home. After receiving the notice, Gong Deming rushed over breathlessly. When he saw Comrade Yaobang, he was so excited that he didn’t know what to say. Comrade Yaobang looked at Gong Deming’s dark and red face, held his hand, and said with concern: “Oil exploration is very hard, say hello to comrades!” Then he asked Gong Deming how many people were in the exploration team, how their life was, and where the work area was. and working with the U.S. Geological Corps. The news that Comrade Yaobang met Gong Deming quickly spread throughout the Petroleum Administration Bureau, inspiring all employees.
(three)
In August 1986, Comrade Yaobang visited Qinghai for the third time. He inspected Qinghai from south to north and from east to west for 12 days. During this period, there were six lectures and inspections on oil in five days.
The first time was on August 19, the day Comrade Yaobang arrived in Xining, a symposium on the construction of key projects in Qinghai Province was held. At the meeting, Zhou Yongkang, then Vice Minister of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry, reported on the exploration and development of the Qinghai Oilfield, focusing on the three projects of the oilfield (namely, the construction of a 1.5 million tons of crude oil production capacity, the 429-kilometer oil pipeline from Huatugou to Golmud, and the Golmud 1 million tons refinery). Comrade Yaobang asked: “Has it been included in the plan?” Comrade Zhou Yongkang replied: “The Party Group of the Ministry of Petroleum has reported to the State Planning Commission.” Comrade Yaobang once again asked seriously about the prospects for Qaidam’s oil development.
The second time was on the morning of August 25, at Comrade Yaobang’s residence in Xining Victory Park Guest House, specifically to listen to a report from the Qinghai Petroleum Administration Bureau. When five comrades, including Party Secretary Zhang Dede and Chief Geologist Gu Shusong, arrived at Comrade Yaobang’s residence, Comrade Yaobang was already standing at the door and shook hands with everyone enthusiastically. Zhang Dede first reported: “The general secretary wrote for the oil front, ‘A history of arduous entrepreneurship, millions of people who have shaken things up’, and for Qaidam Oilfield, ‘Set a foolish ambition to develop Qaidam’, which is a tribute to Qinghai Petroleum. The vast number of employees are working hard to create a new situation with the spirit of striving to make a difference.” Comrade Yaobang said, “Greetings to everyone!” Then Comrade Zhang De said about Qaidam oil exploration. The report was made on the situation, three projects, and three aspects of opening up to the outside world. During the report, Comrade Yaobang interjected questions from time to time. Comrade Yaobang said wittily about the three project construction plans that were highlighted in the report: “In your report to the State Planning Commission, you must add my words and change ‘I agree’ to ‘I support’.” Everyone applauded warmly. After the report, Comrade Yin Kesheng, then Secretary of the Qinghai Provincial Party Committee, said: “The comrades from the oil field have traveled more than a thousand kilometers to report to you. Let’s take a picture!” “Okay!” Comrade Yaobang replied with a smile and stood up to take a photo with everyone. .
The third time was on the afternoon of August 27. The Qinghai Provincial Party Committee held a meeting of cadres above the provincial level and asked Comrade Yaobang for instructions. When talking about Qinghai’s resource development, Comrade Yaobang said: “We should aim at Qinghai’s unique advantages and carry out some key projects in a planned manner. This is what I support. What are the advantages? The first is oil, the second is natural gas, and the third is natural gas. The third is salt, and the fourth is hydropower resources, as well as nonferrous metals. We need to introduce some foreign investment and develop some key projects. The first step is to develop oil, and the second step is to develop natural gas. “Comrade Yaobang is very farsighted in developing oil and natural gas. Ranked first in Qinghai’s resource development.
The fourth time was on the afternoon of August 29. At the guest house of the Qinghai Potash Fertilizer Plant in Golmud, Comrade Yaobang and Comrade Zhou Yongkang emphasized three points when discussing oil work: “First, we must be wary of conspiracies by some people with ulterior motives, and do not be influenced by individual foreign companies. We are swayed by public opinion and immerse ourselves in our own affairs; secondly, if we get 150 or 160 million tons of oil in the Seventh Five-Year Plan, and 200 million tons in the Eighth Five-Year Plan, our lives will be easier; Third, we must be determined to supply natural gas, which will yield quick results. Natural gas must be deeply processed.”
The fifth time was on the afternoon of August 29, when we inspected the urban area of Golmud. During the inspection, Comrade Yaobang remained seated in the car. After more than 20 minutes of detouring around the city, the car drove along the gravel road toward the southeast of Golmud, with the vast Gobi desert along the way. Not long after the car drove by, I saw Comrade Zhang De and other people waiting to greet me. The car stopped and Comrade Yaobang got out of the car. Zhang Dede and Gu Shusong unfolded a blueprint, pointed forward to the large expanse of desert and reported: “This is the refinery production area, and there is the living area for 1,500 refinery workers. When we build the refinery in four years, we will General Secretary, please come and inspect.” Comrade Yaobang looked at the endless Gobi desert, nodded and smiled.
The sixth time was on August 30. At the symposium before Comrade Yaobang left Golmud, Comrade Yaobang said: “Comrade Zhang Dede, you are engaged in three projects. Can they be completed during the ‘Seventh Five-Year Plan’ period?” Zhang Dede replied : “We will definitely complete it!” Comrade Yaobang said: “The three projects can be completed, I agree and I support it. If you ask me to write an inscription, I think it should be ‘Qaidam Oilfield must be developed’.”
At 11 a.m. on August 30, 1986, at Golmud Airport, Comrade Yaobang was about to return to Beijing after completing his inspection tour in Qinghai. Comrade Yin Kesheng came to see him off and said to Comrade Yaobang: “Comrade Yaobang, please take care and welcome to Qinghai again.” Comrade Yaobang said: “It’s only a matter of time. I’ve been to Qinghai three times, and I’m afraid I won’t come again in the future.” After that, He walked quickly onto the plane. At the door of the plane, he turned around with a smile on his face and waved his arms vigorously to bid farewell to the farewell crowd.
I never expected that three years later, actually less than three years later, on April 15, 1989, Comrade Yaobang died of a heart attack in Beijing. This trip to Qinghai actually became Comrade Yaobang’s last trip to Qinghai. Whenever I review Comrade Yaobang’s concern and guidance for the development of PetroChina and Qinghai Petroleum, I am moved and inspired, which brings me endless melancholy and longing.
(The author is the former Secretary-General of the Qinghai Provincial Committee)